Curiosidade histórica: O arraial de Santana do Rio São João Acima — atual município de Itaúna/MG — integrava, no século XVIII, a jurisdição da vila de Pitangui, estando sujeito às suas autoridades civis, eclesiásticas e judiciárias.
Dossiê: Formas de liberdades e vidas de libertos no escravismo atlântico
Ano 6, nº 11 –
jan./jun. de 2025 – doi: https://doi.org/10.53919/g11
Organização Dr.
Afonso de Alencastro Graça Filho; Me. Bruno Martins de Castro e Dr. Carlos de
Oliveira Malaquias
O sucesso da
historiografia sobre escravidão e liberdade tem demonstrado que as diversas
estratégias empreendidas por africanos e seus descendentes – como a alforria, a
fuga ou revolta, ou a demanda à justiça – correspondiam a variadas experiências
de autonomia, seja como produtor independente, trabalhador subordinado,
foragido ou diversas outras formas mais ou menos precárias de liberdade.
Partindo dessas e de tantas outras questões que a temática proposta enseja, objetivamos congregar aqui trabalhos de pesquisa que possam explorar a riqueza e a complexidade das relações sociais, econômicas e políticas que pautaram e conformaram as diversas experiências de escravidões e liberdades no escravismo atlântico, ao longo de sua história. Fitar essa realidade, acima de tudo, permite-nos compreender e problematizar muito daquilo que nos tornamos. Afinal, a intolerância, as desigualdades e o racismo, marcas deletérias de nosso tempo, possuem raízes históricas profundas e sua superação não se dará sem conhecermos os caminhos trilhados até aqui.
Freed People in Pitangui: Economy and Society in 18th-Century Colonial Brazil
During the eighteenth century, the region of Pitangui, in Minas Gerais (Portuguese America), was characterized by dynamic social and economic interactions shaped by the broader context of colonial expansion and the gradual decline of gold mining.
Within this setting, formerly enslaved individuals—commonly referred to as freed people—played a significant and often underestimated role in local society. Far from occupying marginal or passive positions, they actively participated in economic exchanges, social networks, and legal practices.
Evidence from historical studies shows that freed individuals were integrated into a wide range of economic activities, including trade, credit relations, and even slave ownership. Their participation reveals a complex social reality in which freedom did not necessarily imply exclusion, but rather a reconfiguration of roles within the colonial hierarchy.
The village of Pitangui functioned as an important regional center, where diverse groups—including merchants, landowners, enslaved individuals, and freed populations—interacted within a structured yet flexible social system. Judicial and administrative institutions provided spaces in which these interactions could be negotiated and formalized.
In this context, freed people contributed significantly to the maintenance of local economic and social relations. Their involvement in credit systems, commercial exchanges, and community life demonstrates that they were active agents in shaping the colonial order, rather than merely subjects of it.
Moreover, the historical connection between Pitangui and surrounding regions—such as the area that would later become the municipality of Itaúna—highlights the broader territorial networks in which these dynamics unfolded.
Understanding the role of freed populations in Pitangui allows for a more nuanced interpretation of colonial Brazilian society, emphasizing the importance of agency, adaptation, and social negotiation within a system marked by inequality and hierarchy.
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8056-8407
